【酸化ストレス】
生物にはフリーラジカルから自身を守るメカニズムが具わっています。食品中のポリフェノールのような抗酸化物質、SODのような抗酸化酵素などがその例です。通常、生体中の活性酸素のレベルと生体の抗酸化能はバランスが保たれています。このバランスが崩れ、活性酸素のレベルに抗酸化能が追いつかない状態を「酸化ストレス」と呼びます。
【8-OH-dG (8-OH-dG, 8-OHdG, 8OHdG, 8-oxo-dG, 8-oxodG, 8oxodGとも表記)】
フリーラジカルはDNA、タンパク質、脂質、糖質などさまざまな生体分子に障害を起こします。生体分子のうち最も障害を受けやすい分子の反応物は「酸化ストレスマーカー」と呼ばれます。フリーラジカルによる細胞のダメージを評価する場合、このようなバイオマーカーを測定します。DNAの場合グアニン塩基がフリーラジカルの攻撃を受け易く、活性酸素により8-ヒドロキシデオキシグアノシン(8-OH-dG)が生成します。
参考文献
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科学文献
Talanta. 2004 Jun 17;63(3):617-23.
Determination of urinary oxidative DNA damage marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and the association with cigarette smoking.Yao QH, Mei SR, Weng QF, Zhang PD, Yang Q, Wu CY, Xu GW.
National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ZhongShan Road 161, Dalian 116011, PR China.
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG) has been widely used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage in both animal models and human studies. To evaluate the effect of cigarette smoking on oxidative stress, we studied the levels of urinary 8OHdG from smokers and non-smokers and investigated the association with cigarette smoking. The urinary 8OHdG concentrations were determinated by capillary electrophoresis with end-column amprometric detection (CE-AD) after a single-step solid phase extraction (SPE), and then quantitatively expressed as a function of creatinine excretion. To increase the concentration sensitivity, a dynamic pH junction was used and the focusing effect was obvious when using 30mM phosphate (pH 6.50) as sample matrix. The limit of detection is 4.3nM (signal-to-noise ratio S/N=3). The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) was 1.1% for peak current, and 2.3% for migration time. Based on the selected CE-AD method, it was found that the mean value of urinary 8OHdG levels in the smokers significantly higher than that in non-smokers (31.4+/-18.9 nM versus 14.4+/-7.6 nM , P=0.0004; 23.5+/-21.3 mug g (-)(1) creatinine versus 12.6+/-13.2 mug g (-)(1) creatinine, P=0.028).
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